What rights do union members typically have regarding representation?

Union members typically have the right to have a representative present during disciplinary proceedings. This right is a fundamental aspect of union representation, ensuring that employees can access guidance, support, and advocacy while facing potential disciplinary actions. Having a representative allows members to receive assistance in understanding the process and ensures their rights are protected throughout the proceedings.

This right serves to level the playing field between the employee and the employer, allowing for a stronger defense against unfair treatment or arbitrary disciplinary measures. It reinforces the principle of fair representation, which is a cornerstone of union activities and collective bargaining agreements.

The other rights mentioned in the options do not align with standard union practices. For example, union members typically do not have the authority to unilaterally select their own disciplinary actions as this undermines the employer's authority and the agreed-upon protocols established through the collective bargaining agreement. Additionally, while members can refuse union representation, this is generally not encouraged and may lead to complications in defending their rights. Finally, bypassing the union for direct negotiations is usually not permitted, as it can disrupt the collective bargaining process and weaken the union's collective power.